The aim of this paper is to investigate oil price shocks’ effects and their associated transmission channels on global imbalances. To this end, we rely on a Global VAR approach that allows us to account for trade and financial interdependencies between countries. Considering a sample of 30 oil-exporting and importing economies over the 1980-2011period, wefindthatthenatureoftheshock—demand-drivenorsupply-driven— matters in understanding the effects of oil price shocks on global imbalances. In addition, we show that the main adjustment mechanism to oil shocks is based on the trade channel, the valuation channel being at play only on the short run.