The period between 1920 and 1958 is a crucial phase for the construction of international commercial arbitration. The history of this construction coincides to a large extent with the history of the ICC, which has become the main arbitral institution in the world during this time period. However, the path to success has not been an easy one. It resulted from a skillful policy mixing pragmatism to the idealism of its founders. On the basis of this policy that culminated with the signature of the New York Convention, the ICC considered carefully the needs of users while promoting a general vision of international commercial arbitration.