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Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East Iosif Lazaridis 1027744-0 Dani Nadel 1520030-0 Gary Rollefson 1390366-0 Deborah Merrett 1520175-0 Nadin Rohland 335078-0 Swapan Mallick 1027737-0 Daniel Fernandes 1027738-0 Mario Novak 1307274-0 Beatriz Gamarra 1418958-0 Kendra Sirak 1418964-0 Sarah Connell 1520176-0 Kristin Stewardson 1418965-0 Eadaoin Harney 1418959-0 Qiaomei Fu 1027734-0 Gloria Gonzalez-Fortes 1520177-0 Eppie R. Jones 1520178-0 Songül Alpaslan Roodenberg 1520179-0 György Lengyel 1519936-0 Fanny Bocquentin 567a2bf3cb999b571f2ce5fc45e55f71 cnrs.fr fanny-bocquentin 174201 9670-174201 https://www.idref.fr/077192338 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-5081 Boris Gasparian 1462977-0 Janet Monge 601994-0 Michael Gregg 1520180-0 Vered Eshed 1520181-0 Ahuva-Sivan Mizrahi 1520182-0 Christopher Meiklejohn 3e09fee7b359be847ed5fa48f524a3d3 gmail.com 1026758 1299218-1026758 Fokke Gerritsen 1520183-0 Luminita Bejenaru 1520184-0 Matthias Blüher 766375 642303-766375 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-2065 Archie Campbell 1394101-0 Gianpiero L Cavalleri 1490022-0 David Comas 309109-0 Philippe Froguel e3a7bff8517ce0850f8fbc4a6b8ece30 good.ibl.fr 1315149 154897-1315149 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-0784 Edmund Gilbert 1520185-0 Shona M. Kerr 1520186-0 Peter Kovacs 229552-0 Johannes Krause a6f1f5d102b03c7481199a9710afd1c1 eva.mpg.de 773247 890088-773247 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-3920 Darren Mcgettigan 1520187-0 Michael Merrigan 1520188-0 D. Andrew Merriwether 1520189-0 Seamus O'Reilly 1520190-0 Martin B. Richards 1520191-0 Ornella Semino 225233-0 Michel Shamoon-Pour 1520238-0 Gheorghe Stefanescu 1520239-0 Michael Stumvoll 899942-0 Anke Tonjes 1393328-0 Antonio Torroni 1520240-0 James F Wilson 518138-0 Loic Yengo 629e76502245d8d4868dfdb30e48a2a4 good.ibl.fr 937188 2533554-937188 Nelli A. Hovhannisyan 1520241-0 Nick Patterson 655825-0 Ron Pinhasi 816148-0 David Reich 8f0f932103e1415b8ba715fa4104f075 genetics.med.harvard.edu 929489 655983-929489 Fanny Bocquentin 567a2bf3cb999b571f2ce5fc45e55f71 cnrs.fr 2023-12-07 11:41:24 2026-03-13 03:21:30 2023-12-11 16:06:53 2016-08 2023-12-07 contributor Fanny Bocquentin 567a2bf3cb999b571f2ce5fc45e55f71 cnrs.fr CCSD hal-02014294 https://hal.parisnanterre.fr/hal-02014294 lazaridis:hal-02014294 <i>Nature</i>, 2016, 536 (7617), pp.419-424. <a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature19310">⟨10.1038/nature19310⟩</a> Nature, 2016, 536 (7617), pp.419-424. ⟨10.1038/nature19310⟩ HAL Authorization Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I Pasteur Network Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique Université Paris Nanterre Institut Pasteur de Lille FRANTIQ Fédération et ressources sur l’Antiquité Campus-AAR Collection LaCAS - Open Archives in Language and Cultural Area Studies Maison Archéologie & Ethnologie René-Ginouvès Archéologies et Sciences de l’Antiquité Université de Lille Université Paris Nanterre HAL UNIV-PARIS8 - open access Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases International No Yes Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East Iosif Lazaridis 1027744-0 Dani Nadel 1520030-0 Gary Rollefson 1390366-0 Deborah Merrett 1520175-0 Nadin Rohland 335078-0 Swapan Mallick 1027737-0 Daniel Fernandes 1027738-0 Mario Novak 1307274-0 Beatriz Gamarra 1418958-0 Kendra Sirak 1418964-0 Sarah Connell 1520176-0 Kristin Stewardson 1418965-0 Eadaoin Harney 1418959-0 Qiaomei Fu 1027734-0 Gloria Gonzalez-Fortes 1520177-0 Eppie R. Jones 1520178-0 Songül Alpaslan Roodenberg 1520179-0 György Lengyel 1519936-0 Fanny Bocquentin 567a2bf3cb999b571f2ce5fc45e55f71 cnrs.fr fanny-bocquentin 174201 9670-174201 https://www.idref.fr/077192338 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-5081 Boris Gasparian 1462977-0 Janet Monge 601994-0 Michael Gregg 1520180-0 Vered Eshed 1520181-0 Ahuva-Sivan Mizrahi 1520182-0 Christopher Meiklejohn 3e09fee7b359be847ed5fa48f524a3d3 gmail.com 1026758 1299218-1026758 Fokke Gerritsen 1520183-0 Luminita Bejenaru 1520184-0 Matthias Blüher 766375 642303-766375 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-2065 Archie Campbell 1394101-0 Gianpiero L Cavalleri 1490022-0 David Comas 309109-0 Philippe Froguel e3a7bff8517ce0850f8fbc4a6b8ece30 good.ibl.fr 1315149 154897-1315149 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-0784 Edmund Gilbert 1520185-0 Shona M. Kerr 1520186-0 Peter Kovacs 229552-0 Johannes Krause a6f1f5d102b03c7481199a9710afd1c1 eva.mpg.de 773247 890088-773247 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-3920 Darren Mcgettigan 1520187-0 Michael Merrigan 1520188-0 D. Andrew Merriwether 1520189-0 Seamus O'Reilly 1520190-0 Martin B. Richards 1520191-0 Ornella Semino 225233-0 Michel Shamoon-Pour 1520238-0 Gheorghe Stefanescu 1520239-0 Michael Stumvoll 899942-0 Anke Tonjes 1393328-0 Antonio Torroni 1520240-0 James F Wilson 518138-0 Loic Yengo 629e76502245d8d4868dfdb30e48a2a4 good.ibl.fr 937188 2533554-937188 Nelli A. Hovhannisyan 1520241-0 Nick Patterson 655825-0 Ron Pinhasi 816148-0 David Reich 8f0f932103e1415b8ba715fa4104f075 genetics.med.harvard.edu 929489 655983-929489 7333 0028-0836 1476-4687 Nature Nature Publishing Group 536 7617 419-424 2016-08 10.1038/nature19310 PMC5003663 English Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory Journal articles Journal articles Journal articles

We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 44 ancient Near Easterners ranging in time between ~12,000 and 1,400 bc, from Natufian hunter–gatherers to Bronze Age farmers. We show that the earliest populations of the Near East derived around half their ancestry from a ‘Basal Eurasian’ lineage that had little if any Neanderthal admixture and that separated from other non-African lineages before their separation from each other. The first farmers of the southern Levant (Israel and Jordan) and Zagros Mountains (Iran) were strongly genetically differentiated, and each descended from local hunter–gatherers. By the time of the Bronze Age, these two populations and Anatolian-related farmers had mixed with each other and with the hunter–gatherers of Europe to greatly reduce genetic differentiation. The impact of the Near Eastern farmers extended beyond the Near East: farmers related to those of Anatolia spread westward into Europe; farmers related to those of the Levant spread southward into East Africa; farmers related to those of Iran spread northward into the Eurasian steppe; and people related to both the early farmers of Iran and to the pastoralists of the Eurasian steppe spread eastward into South Asia.

Department of Genetics [Boston]

77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115

http://genetics.med.harvard.edu/ Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard BROAD INSTITUTE

Cambridge, MA 02142

http://www.broadinstitute.org/ Zinman Institute of Archaeology

University of Haifa199 Aba-Hushi Avenue,HaifaIsrael 3498838

https://arch.haifa.ac.il/ Whitman College

Walla Walla, WA

https://www.whitman.edu/ 026421453 0000000121893221 https://ror.org/0213rcc28 Q201603 Simon Fraser University = Université Simon Fraser SFU.ca

8888 University Drive, Burnaby, B.C. Canada V5A 1S6

http://www.sfu.ca/ Howard Hughes Medical Institute [Boston] HHMI

Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts 02115

034370943 0000 0001 0768 2743 https://ror.org/05m7pjf47 Q1068258 University College Dublin [Dublin] UCD

Belfield, Dublin 4

http://www.ucd.ie/ Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Emory University [Atlanta, GA]

201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322

http://www.emory.edu Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology [Cambridge] OEB

26 Oxford Street Cambridge, MA 02138

http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/ Department of Evolutionary Genetics

Leipzig 04103

Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins

Beijing 100044 Xicheng District, 西直门外大街142号邮政编码:

http://english.ivpp.cas.cn Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara UniFE

via Ludovico Ariosto, 35, 44121 Ferrara

http://www.unife.it Department of Zoology [Cambridge]

University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom

University of Miskolc

05084301X Ethnologie préhistorique 2021-12-31

Maison René Ginouvès UMR 7041 21 allée de l'université F 92023 NANTERRE cedex

http://www.arscan.fr/ethnologie-prehistorique/ National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan] NAS RA

http://www.sci.am/index.php?langid=2 https://ror.org/02aej5879 University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology Penn Museum

3260 South Street Philadelphia, PA 19104

http://www.penn.museum/ Israel Antiquities Authority IAA

Jerusalem

https://www.antiquities.org.il/default_en.aspx https://ror.org/02gdzyx04 University of Winnipeg

515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba , MB Canada R3B 2E9

https://www.uwinnipeg.ca/ Netherlands Institute in Turkey

026431122 0000000419371784 https://ror.org/022kvet57 Q1523902 Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași = Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iași = Alexandru Ioan Cuza University [Iași] = Université Alexandru Ioan Cuza de Iași UAIC 1860-01-01

Bulevardul Carol I 11, Iași 700506

http://www.uaic.ro/en/ Clinic of Endocrinology and Nephrology [Leipzig]

02663483X https://ror.org/01nrxwf90 The University of Edinburgh 1583-01-01

Old College South Bridge Edinburgh EH8 9YL

http://www.ed.ac.uk/home https://ror.org/01hxy9878 Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI

Royal College of Surgeons Ireland . 123 St Stephens Green . Dublin 2

http://www.rcsi.ie/ Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF)

225667754 0000000403706893 200212749D https://ror.org/04k5h2q42 Q116959521 Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 EGENODIA (GI3M) 2010-01-01

(Génomique fonctionnelle (epi) métabolique et mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans le diabète de type 2 et les maladies associées)- Faculté de Médecine HENRI-WAREMBOURG - Pôle Recherche : 1, place de Verdun –59045 LILLE CEDEX – France*(ancien nom : Génomique Intégrative et Modélisation des Maladies Métaboliques)

https://pasteur-lille.fr/centre-de-recherche/unites-de-recherche/epi-genomiques-fonctionnelles-metaboliques-et-mecanismes-moleculaires-impliques-dans-le-diabete-de-type-2-et-les-maladies-associees/ 0000000121138111 https://ror.org/041kmwe10 Imperial College London 1907-01-01

South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ

http://www.imperial.ac.uk/ Universityhospital of Leipzig

Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History MPI-SHH

Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany

https://shh.mpg.de Genealogical Society of Ireland

0000 0001 2164 4508 https://ror.org/008rmbt77 Binghamton University [SUNY] 1946-01-01

Binghamton UniversityState University of New York4400 Vestal Parkway EastBinghamton, NY 13902

http://binghamton.edu/ Genealogical Society of Ireland University of Huddersfield 2017-02-07

https://www.hud.ac.uk/ 026430703 0000000417625736 https://ror.org/00s6t1f81 Q219317 Università degli Studi di Pavia [Italia] = University of Pavia [Italy] = Université de Pavie [Italie] UNIPV 1361-01-01

Corso Strada Nuova, 65 - Pavie

http://www.unipv.eu/site/en/home.html Institutul de Cercetari Biologice

Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics [Edinburgh, U.K.]

Nine Edinburgh BioQuarter - 9 Little France Road - Edinburgh EH16 4UX

https://www.ed.ac.uk/usher MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine MRC

https://ror.org/00s8vne50 Yerevan State University

1 Manoogian Street, 375049 Yerevan

http://www.ysu.am/ https://ror.org/03wevmz92 Harvard Medical School [Boston] HMS

25 Shattuck Street Boston, MA 02115

http://www.hms.harvard.edu https://ror.org/042nb2s44 Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT

77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139

http://web.mit.edu https://ror.org/002pd6e78 Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]

55 Fruit StreetBoston, MA 02114

http://www.massgeneral.org/ 086020714 0000000121826539 https://ror.org/02f009v59 Q591115 Ǧāmiʿat͏̈ Hayfā = University of Haifa

199 Aba Khoushy Ave.Mount Carmel, Haifa

http://www.haifa.ac.il/index.php/en/ Howard Hughes Medical Institute HHMI

https://www.hhmi.org/ 026453169 https://ror.org/03vek6s52 Harvard University

Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138

http://www.harvard.edu/ Max-Planck-Institut für evolutionäre Anthropologie = Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology MPI-EVA

Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig

https://www.eva.mpg.de/german/index.html Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Jägerstrasse, 10-11, D-10117 Berlin

https://www.mpg.de/en Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology IVPP 1929-01-01

Beijing 100044 Xicheng District, 西直门外大街142号邮政编码:

http://english.ivpp.cas.cn https://ror.org/034t30j35 Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] CAS

52 Sanlihe Rd. - Xicheng District - Beijing, China 100864

http://english.cas.cn/ https://ror.org/034t30j35 Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] CAS

52 Sanlihe Rd., Beijing, 100864

http://english.cas.cn/ Chinese Academy of Sciences [Wuhan Branch]

Xiao HongShan WuHan HuBei China (430071)

http://english.whb.cas.cn Chinese Academy of Sciences [Nanjing Branch]

No.39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China

http://english.ucas.ac.cn/index.php/academics/cas-institutes/577-nanjing-branch Chinese Academy of Sciences [Xi’an]

027706338 https://ror.org/013meh722 University of Cambridge [Cambridge, UK] CAM

The Old Schools, Trinity Lane, Cambridge CB2 1TN

http://www.cam.ac.uk/ 069431787 0000 0001 2326 1930 199912442H https://ror.org/04wz9m339 Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité ArScAn 1999-01-01

MSH Mondes (bâtiment René-Ginouvès). 21, allée de l’Université 92023 NANTERRE Cedex

http://www.arscan.fr/ 027361802 000000012173743X https://ror.org/002t25c44 Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne UP1

12 place du Panthéon, 75231 Paris Cedex 05

https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr 026403552 0000000121083026 https://ror.org/04wez5e68 Université Paris 8 UP8 1971-01-01

2 rue de la Liberté - 93526 Saint-Denis cedex

http://www.univ-paris8.fr/ 026403587 https://ror.org/013bkhk48 Université Paris Nanterre UPN 1970-01-01

200 avenue de la République - 92001 Nanterre cedex

http://www.parisnanterre.fr 026437414 https://ror.org/017rnyz40 Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication MCC 1997-01-01 2017-12-31

3, rue de Valois 75001 Paris

02636817X 0000000122597504 https://ror.org/02feahw73 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS 1939-10-19

https://www.cnrs.fr/ https://ror.org/04n0g0b29 Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] UPF

Plaça de la Mercè, 10-12 - 08002 Barcelona

https://www.upf.edu/en/ https://ror.org/05k9skc85 Institut Pasteur de Lille 1894

1 Rue du Professeur Calmette - Lille Cedex - 59019

https://www.pasteur-lille.fr/accueil/ Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur)

25, rue du Dr Roux 75724 Paris Cedex 15

https://pasteur-network.org/ 026388278 https://ror.org/02vjkv261 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM

101, rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris

http://www.inserm.fr 223446556 0000 0001 2242 6780 https://ror.org/02kzqn938 Q3551621 Université de Lille

EPE Université de Lille. -- 42 rue Paul Duez, 59000 Lille

https://www.univ-lille.fr/ 026425157 https://ror.org/01q1z8k08 State University of New York SUNY

http://www.suny.edu/