The mobility phenomena are not limited to the stereotypical opposition between “migrant societies” and “sedentary societies”. They are constitutive of every society – none of which live isolated – and have a large variety of forms which usually group together. The difficulty for the archaeologist – unlike the ethnologist, the geographer or the historian who provide “to see” directly – is to detect its existence only from the material facts. The ethnoarchaeology’s approach has led to remarkable progress regarding structural mobility of hunter-gatherers and nomad shepherds from the past and more incidentally early agrarian societies but it is different for complex societies of the metal ages because of the strong social segmentation corollary of this complexity. Provisionally, we present two case studies in African societies, for their educational value in terms of mobility recorded in the material facts.